RESEARCH ARTICLE
Angiotensinogen (AGT) M235T, AGT T174M and Angiotensin-1- Converting Enzyme (ACE) I/D Gene Polymorphisms in Essential Hypertension: Effects on Ramipril Efficacy
Vana Kolovou1, 2, Evangelia Lagou2, Constantinos Mihas3, Vasiliki Giannakopoulou4, Niki Katsiki5, Aikaterini Kollia6, Filippos Triposkiadis7, Dimitris Degiannis2, Sophie Mavrogeni1, Genovefa Kolovou1, *
Article Information
Identifiers and Pagination:
Year: 2015Volume: 9
First Page: 118
Last Page: 126
Publisher ID: TOCMJ-9-118
DOI: 10.2174/1874192401509010118
Article History:
Received Date: 22/8/2015Revision Received Date: 20/9/2015
Acceptance Date: 22/10/2015
Electronic publication date: 29/12/2015
Collection year: 2015
open-access license: This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial 4.0 International Public License (CC BY-NC 4.0) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode), which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
Abstract
Background:
Hypertension, one of the most important risk factors for premature cardiovascular disease, is a major worldwide public health problem. Angiotensin-1-converting enzyme (ACE) and angiotensinogen (AGT) gene polymorphisms are thought to be associated with primary hypertension. In the present study, we examined the frequency of these gene polymorphisms in an adult population with and without essential hypertension. Furthermore, we evaluated the effect of ACE and AGT gene polymorphisms on ramipril treatment efficacy in the hypertensive patients.
Methods:
A total of 166 adults (83 hypertensives and 83 normotensives) were involved in the study and genotyped for AGTM235T (rs699), AGTT174M (rs4762) and ACEI/D (rs1799752) gene polymorphisms.
Results:
The genotype and allele distribution of the AGTM235T variant significantly differed between hypertensives and normotensives [odds ratio (OR) = 1.57% (T vs M allele), 95% confidence intervals (CIs): 1.01 - 2.44; p=0.045 for hypertensives]. However, none of the 3 studied Simple Nucleotide Polymorphisms were associated with the blood pressure-lowering response to ramipril.
Conclusion:
These results suggest that AGTM235T gene polymorphism is associated with essential hypertension. However, none of the AGTM235T, AGTT174M and ACEI/D gene polymorphisms influenced ramipril effectiveness.
