Expression of Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperones in Cardiac Development

Papp, Sylvia; Zhang, Xiaochu; Szabo, Eva; Michalak, Marek; Opas, Michal

Expression of Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperones in Cardiac Development

Sylvia Papp¹, Xiaochu Zhang¹, Eva Szabo¹, Marek Michalak², Michal Opas^{*, 1}

¹ Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

² Department of Biochemistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada

Article Information

Identifiers and Pagination:

Year: 2008
Volume: 2
First Page: 31
Last Page: 35
Publisher ID: TOCMJ-2-31
DOI: 10.2174/1874192400802010031

Article History:

Received Date: 18/4/2008
Revision Received Date: 2/5/2008
Acceptance Date: 5/5/2008
Electronic publication date: 21/5/2008
Collection year: 2008

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© Papp et al.; Licensee Bentham Open

open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.5/), which permits unrestrictive use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

^* Address correspondence to this author at the Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 1 King's College Circle, Medical Sciences Building, room 6326, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8 Canada; Tel: (416) 978-8947, (416) 971-2140; Fax: (416) 978-5959; E-mail: m.opas@utoronto.ca

To determine if cardiogenesis causes endoplasmic reticulum stress, we examined chaperone expression. Many cardiac pathologies cause activation of the fetal gene program, and we asked the reverse: could activation of the fetal gene program during development induce endoplasmic reticulum stress/chaperones?

We found stress related chaperones were more abundant in embryonic compared to adult hearts, indicating endoplasmic reticulum stress during normal cardiac development. To determine the degree of stress, we investigated endoplasmic reticulum stress pathways during cardiogenesis. We detected higher levels of ATF6α, caspase 7 and 12 in adult hearts. Thus, during embryonic development, there is large protein synthetic load but there is no endoplasmic reticulum stress. In adult hearts, chaperones are less abundant but there are increased levels of ATF6α and ER stress-activated caspases. Thus, protein synthesis during embryonic development does not seem to be as intense a stress as is required for apoptosis that is found during postnatal remodelling.

Keywords: Heart, endoplasmic reticulum stress, chaperones, unfolded protein response, embryonic development, apoptosis.

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RESEARCH ARTICLE

Expression of Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperones in Cardiac Development

Article Information

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Abstract

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About the Editor

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