REVIEW ARTICLE


Acute Myocardial Infarction in Young Patients and its Correlation with Obesity Status at Pre-adolescent Stage: A Narrative Review



Maria K. Chrissini1, Demosthenes B. Panagiotakos1, *
1 Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece


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Creative Commons License
© 2022 Chrissini and Panagiotakos

open-access license: This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0), a copy of which is available at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode. This license permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

* Address correspondence to this author at Department of Nutrition-Dietetics, School of Health Sciences and Education, Harokopio University, Athens, Greece, Tel. +30 210 9549332; E-mail: dbpanag@hua.gr


Abstract

Background:

Cardiovascular diseases (CVD), especially acute myocardial infarction (AMI), remain a worldwide major cause of premature morbidity and mortality, with considerable health care costs. Metabolic, behavioural, environmental, and social risk factors are significant drivers of AMI, with obesity being a key determinant among them. Childhood obesity constitutes a major health threat that is considered a global epidemic of the 21st century.

Objective:

To assess whether excess weight from the first years of life acts as a predisposing factor in increasing the risk of AMI in young adults.

Methods:

This is a narrative review of the evidence concerning the epidemiology of early AMI and obesity, using PubMed and Google Scholar.

Results:

There is substantial evidence showing that excess weight during childhood multiplies the risk of AMI at an early age.

Conclusion:

Premature AMI seems to have significant drivers related to lifestyle factors, such as childhood obesity. In the era of a childhood obesity epidemic, the aforementioned relationship underlines the need for early prevention and management.

Keywords: Myocardial infarction, Cardiovascular disease, Ischemic heart disease, Obesity, Childhood, Adolescence.