RESEARCH ARTICLE


Allogeneic Blood Product Usage in Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) with minimalized Extracorporeal Circulation System (MECC) Versus Standard On-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting



M. Lisy1, *, E. Schmid2, J. Kozok3, P. Rosenberger2, U.A. Stock4, G. Kalender1
1 Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Frankfurt-Höchst City Hospital, Höchst, Germany
2 Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
3 Department of Thoracic, Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
4 Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt am Main, Höchst, Germany


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Creative Commons License
© Lisy et al.; Licensee Bentham Open.

open-access license: This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial 4.0 International Public License (CC BY-NC 4.0) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode), which permits unrestricted, non-commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.

* Address correspondence to this author at the Department of General, Visceral, Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Frankfurt-Höchst City Hospital, Gotenstrasse 6-8, 65929 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; Tel: (0049) 69-3106- 2871; Fax: (0049) 69-3106-2410; E-mail: lisy90@googlemail.com


Abstract

Aim:

Intraoperative allogeneic blood product transfusion (ABPT) in cardiac surgery is associated with worse overall outcome, including mortality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the ABPTs in minimalized extracorporeal cardiopulmonary (MECCTM) compared with standard open system on-pump coronary revascularization.

Methods:

Data of 156 patients undergoing myocardial revascularization between September 2008 and September 2010 were reviewed. 83 patients were operated by the MECC technique and 73 were treated by standard extracorporeal circulation (sECC). ABPT and overall early postoperative complications were analyzed.

Results:

Operative mortality and morbidity were similar in both groups. ABPT in the MECC group was significantly lower than in the sECC group both intraoperatively (7.2 vs. 60.3% of patients p<0.001) and during the first five postoperative days (19.3 vs. 57.5%; p<0.001). “Skin to skin”- (214 ± 45 vs. 232 ± 45 min; p=0.012), cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) - (82 ± 25 vs. 95 ± 26 min; p=0.014), and X-clamp- times (50 ± 16 vs. 56 ± 17 min; p=0.024) were significantly lower in the MECC group than in the sECC group. Length of ICU (intensive care unit) - and hospital stay were also significantly lower in the MECC group vs. the sECC group (26.7 ± 20.2 vs. 54.5 ± 68.9 h; p<0.001, and 12.0 ± 4.1 vs. 14.5 ± 4.6 days; p<0.001).

Conclusion:

Application of MECC as on-pump coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) results in significantly lower ABPT as well as shorter ICU and in-hospital stay. In order to achieve these benefits of MECC autologous retrograde priming, Bispectral index (BIS) monitoring, intraoperative cell salvage, meticulous hemostasis and strict peri- and postoperative volume management are crucial.

Keywords: Blood transfusion, Coronary artery bypass graft, Cardiopulmonary bypass, Extracorporeal circulation.